Unicorn Filefish

The Unicorn Filefish is one of the largest filefish species in the world, capable of reaching an impressive 29 inches in length. It derives its common name from a prominent horn-like dorsal spine that protrudes from the top of its head, giving it a distinctive unicorn-like silhouette. The body is elongated and laterally compressed with rough, sandpaper-textured skin in shades of olive-gray to brown, often with faint spots or blotches. Its large size and unique profile make it an unmistakable species.

This circumtropical species is found in open waters and around reef edges throughout the world's tropical and subtropical oceans. Unlike many filefish that are closely associated with reef structures, the Unicorn Filefish is somewhat pelagic and can be encountered in mid-water or near the surface. In the wild, it feeds on a varied omnivorous diet including algae, seagrass, hydroids, tunicates, and various soft-bodied invertebrates.

Due to its enormous potential size, the Unicorn Filefish requires a large aquarium of at least 250 gallons. Despite its imposing dimensions, it is generally peaceful toward other fish, which is unusual for a species of this size. However, it is decidedly not reef-safe and will consume corals, anemones, and other sessile invertebrates. This species is uncommonly kept in home aquariums due to its size requirements, but it can make a fascinating centerpiece in a large fish-only system.